1. Disclaimer

1.1 General considerations

The positions expressed on this website are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. While the website is run by the European Commission, responsibility for its content is shared between the Commission and the individual Member States.

The European Commission maintains this website to improve access to cross-border justice and to enhance public access to information about its initiatives and European Union policies in general. We strive to keep this information current and accurate. If errors are brought to our attention, we will try to correct them.

All interactive (electronic) services are provided "as is" and on "best effort" basis. The European Commission and the participating data/service providers disclaim any and all liability, either explicit or implied. In particular we cannot guarantee the up-to-date state of the data, its correctness or ensure uninterrupted service availability or the availability of any linked external sites.

For some of its functionalities the European e-Justice Portal uses data from GeoNames on the basis of a CC BY 3.0 licence. No changes to the data are made.

The Commission disclaims all liability with regard to any damages suffered due to data corruption, data loss or any other type of adverse effect caused by intentional or unintentional system operation. This disclaimer is not intended to limit the liability of the Commission in contravention of any requirements laid down in applicable national law or to exclude its liability for matters which may not be excluded under that law. The applicable law is Belgian law and the Belgian courts are competent in case of dispute.

The European Commission may revise the Disclaimer and the Terms and conditions indicated below at any time without prior notice and you should always refer to the current version of this text as published on the web site.

1.2 Aspects related to content pages

Content pages are either "European" in nature or "Member State" pages, where each EU Member State (through its various authorities) is responsible for the content and the links on its own pages. This information is:

of a general nature only and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual or entity;
not necessarily comprehensive, complete, accurate or up to date;
sometimes linked to external sites over which the Commission services have no control and for which the Commission assumes no responsibility;
not professional or legal advice (if you need specific advice, you should always consult a suitably qualified professional).

Any reference in the content pages to a person of the male sex shall be deemed also to constitute a reference to a person of the female sex, and vice versa, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Some of the content pages are machine translated. Please note that machine translations are provided temporarily and only for contextual purposes. The owners of these pages accept no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to the quality of machine translated texts.

Please note that it cannot be guaranteed that a document available on-line exactly reproduces an officially adopted text. Only European Union legislation published in paper editions of the Official Journal of the European Union prior to 1 July 2013 and its electronic versions published after 1 July 2013 have legal value. It is our goal to minimise disruptions caused by technical incidents. However some data or information on our site may have been created or structured in files or formats that are not error-free and we cannot guarantee that our service will not be interrupted or otherwise affected by such problems.

1.3 Aspects related to interactive services

For all interactive services the following terms and conditions apply:

By using these services you agree to use these exclusively for their intended purpose. You shall not use the services, or any personal data returned by the services, for any other intent or purpose, and in particular such data shall not be used in relation to carrying out commercial, marketing or advertising activities.

You are not allowed to copy in bulk in an automated fashion (harvest), and/or distribute the data received through the provided services via any means.

You are allowed to link to the European e-Justice Portal and its pages.

Service-specific aspects:

1.3.1 Interconnection of Insolvency Registers

This service allows you to find information on insolvency proceedings in the participating Member States' national registers. There is no centralised EU insolvency register. Your request is sent to the national registers and the reply is sent back within a few seconds. For the time being the service is provided on a "best effort" basis.

1.3.2 Find a Lawyer

"Find a lawyer" is a service provided to the general public by the European Commission and the participating national bar associations and law societies.

1.3.3 Find a Notary

"Find a Notary" is a service provided to the general public by the European Commission, the Council of Notariats of the European Union (CNUE), and other participating national chambers of notariats.

1.3.4 ECLI

The ECLI search interface is a service provided to the general public by the European Commission in cooperation with the participating case law providers. The Commission has made this service available to facilitate access to justice in a cross-border context by allowing EU citizens and legal practitioners to easily locate case law featuring an ECLI identifier.

1.3.5 Competent court/authority search

The competent court/authority search interface is a service provided to the general public by the European Commission in cooperation with the participating national judicial authorities or other competent bodies. The Commission has made this service available to facilitate access to justice in a cross-border context by allowing EU citizens and legal practitioners to easily locate the competent national court. Please note that although every effort has been made to ascertain the accuracy of the results, there may be some exceptional cases concerning the determination of competence that are not necessarily covered.

1.3.6 Electronic submission of claims (e-CODEX)

The electronic submission of your claim using e-CODEX technology (European Order for Payment, European Small claims) is provided through the interconnection of a large number of IT systems operated both by the European Commission and by the national administrations. Your claim may exceptionally fail to reach the designated court. Proof of transmission (or of transmission failure) will be provided to you to the extent possible, but please be advised that in some Member States this proof is limited to delivery of your claim to the central national IT system established for this purpose. It will not always be possible to produce proof of delivery to the intended court.

All notifications concerning proof of transmission or receipt of court replies will be sent to the email address associated with the European Commission's user authentication service (EU Login) account that you logged in with.

The European Commission cannot be held liable for failure of delivery of your claim or for failure of producing evidence of its transmission (or of its transmission failure). Equally, the Commission cannot be held liable for failure of delivering communication related to your claim from the court back to you or notifying you of receipt of such communication.

Unless you request its deletion, your communication with and from the court will - except for circumstances of force majeure - remain available for your consultation in the European e-Justice Portal for a period of a least one year. You are advised to save your own copy of all communication you wish to access beyond this period. The European Commission cannot be held liable for any damages you may suffer due to the temporary or permanent unavailability of the communication between you and the court or for failing to notify you in advance of this communication being deleted.

1.3.7 Electronic signature

Claims submitted electronically (e-CODEX) have to be signed electronically before they can be sent via the European e-Justice Portal. The Portal provides a tool to assist you in this process, but does not impose the use of this tool: you have the possibility to sign your claim electronically using your own means and upload it to the Portal. The European Commission cannot be held liable for any damages you may suffer following a refusal, by the court or any other party, of an electronic signature created with the tool provided by the European e-Justice Portal.

1.3.8 Find a company/ Interconnection of business registers

This service allows you to look for and get information about companies registered in business registers in the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway. It is part of the Business Registers Interconnection System (BRIS), set up in line with EU law. The system connects the national business registers which make available the company information.

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2. Privacy statement

2.1. The objective of the European e-Justice Portal

The European e-Justice Portal is conceived as a "one-stop (electronic) shop" for information on European justice and access to European judicial procedures. The Portal is targeted at citizens, businesses, legal practitioners and the judiciary. Citizens shall enjoy the same access to justice in other Member States as they would in their own and the European e-Justice Portal contributes in a practical way to the removal of barriers, such as providing information in 23 languages and a wealth of links to relevant websites and documents.

Although the responsibility for the Portal's content and its management is a responsibility shared between the European Commission and the individual European Union Member States, the data controller for the European e-Justice Portal is the European Commission.

2.2. What is the applicable law?

All processing operations on personal data linked to the organisation and management of the European e-Justice Portal within the responsibility of the European Commission are governed by Regulation 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and Decision No 1247/2002/EC and by Commission Decision 2014/333/EU on the protection of personal data in the European e-Justice Portal.

2.3. Which data are processed by the Commission in the European e-Justice Portal?

Individual names and e-mail addresses of page and web link owners are processed by the Portal. In addition, some information for competent courts/entities provided by Member States may contain personal data (name, email address, phone number) in cases where physical persons have been defined as contact points. All such data is stored in a database hosted at the European Commission Data Centre in Luxembourg.

We use a transient mechanism which fetches (but does not store) personal data from EU Login, the European Commission's authentication service. For registration purposes personal data such as name, surname and e-mail address are collected and processed by EU Login. A separate detailed privacy statement explains the nature of processing of personal data by EU Login. For further information, please see https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/cas/privacyStatement.html.

Personal data are also processed in the European e-Justice Portal for the purpose of providing access to interconnected national databases, such as Find a Lawyer, Find a Notary, the Interconnection of Insolvency registers (IRI), the European Case Law Identifier (ECLI) search engine, Find a company (part of the Business Registers Interconnection system (BRIS)), the Land Registers Interconnection system (LRI), dynamic forms, and electronic submission of claims (e-CODEX). In this regard:

data on lawyers is derived from the registers of the participating bar associations and law societies;
data on notaries is derived from the registers of the participating national chambers of notariats as provided by the CNUE and other competent bodies;
data in IRI is derived from the national insolvency or business registers;
personal data part of judicial decisions processed in the context of ECLI are supplied by judicial and other competent bodies;
dynamic forms process personal data supplied by end users (e.g. name, address, phone number, bank account, etc.);
data processed in the context e-CODEX is derived from the communications of the users with the national courts. In addition there is technical data used to identify participants in the system, which in some cases can contain personal information, such as email address or EU Login (European Commission user authentication system) ID;
data processed in the context of Find a company is used to identify participants in the system, which in some cases can contain personal information, such as email address or EU Login ID. Furthermore, Find a company connects to the European Central Platform, also part of BRIS, which is developed and administered by the European Commission. Through the European Central Platform, Find a company gathers company data. Such company data may contain personal data, and for example the following: name, date of birth, mail address, e-mail address, and phone numbers of the persons that represent a company in dealings with third parties and in legal proceedings, or that take part in the administration, supervision or control of the company. Such data is derived from the business registers of the participating countries;
data processed in the context of LRI is used to identify participants in the system, which in some cases can contain personal information, such as email address or EU Login ID.

2.4. What is the purpose of processing data?

The Portal collects personal data with the purpose of contacting page and web link owners. The purpose of this processing is to enable e-mail notifications and management of page owners and link owners as part of the back-office system of the Portal. The Portal also retrieves personal data (through EU Login) for the following purposes: to send e-mail notifications to users who have subscribed to specific content topics or to provide them with news updates. This data is also processed in order to enable role and right management and content management.

For the Find a Lawyer, Find a Notary, Find a company, IRI and ECLI functionalities, the processing of personal data by the Commission in the Portal only takes place to provide access to interconnected national databases holding personal data. In this context, the Commission is only responsible for providing the IT infrastructure for the above mentioned Portal functionalities and has no responsibility for the content of the interconnected national databases made available through the Portal.

The Commission is also processing personal data in the Portal when this is necessary for providing interactive services allowing users to communicate directly with the appropriate authorities in another Member State.

2.5. Who has access to the data?

Personal data concerning web page or link owners is accessible by Commission staff (European Commission Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers, Unit B4) and authorised personnel in charge of system administration and technical support. Furthermore, such personal data relating to Member State pages is accessible also by Member State staff responsible for the management of the respective pages.

Also, the Commission performs continuous and appropriate security assessments as work related to the interconnection of national databases is carried out. Only publicly available information in the interconnected national databases can be accessed through the Portal. It is not possible to combine information from different interconnected national databases for different purposes through the Portal.

2.6. How long will your data be stored?

Personal data of page and link owners will be stored in a local database as long as they are relevant to the Portal and will not be kept longer than necessary. The need to continue storing this personal data is subject to a re-validation process which will be carried out once per year in the context of annual updates of the Portal's content. Effectively the retention period is therefore one year, subject to manual check and automatic renewal. In case of registered users, only personal e-mail addresses are stored. Individual names or other personal data are not retained. Data on registered users will be deleted at their request.

Judicial decisions provided in the context of ECLI may contain personal data which is governed by national data protection legislation and is subject to the relevant retention periods. National data providers have the responsibility to remove case law decisions when they should no longer be accessible via the system.

Personal data included in the communication between the user and the court, in the context of electronic submission of claims (e-CODEX), is stored by a separate Commission database in encrypted form for the duration it is relevant. The user can request its deletion at any time.

Personal data included in document orders in the context of Find a company and LRI is stored until the order is removed from the Portal database.

No other personal data will be stored in the Portal database.

2.7. Which security measures are in place against unauthorised access?

Data are collected, processed and stored in a secure way. The European e-Justice Portal is protected by a number of technical measures. Stringent roles and rights management guarantees that authenticated users have only the level of access and permissions necessary. All data transactions take place over encrypted connections. Remote and physical access to the Portal's database is secured by network segmentation, firewalls and additional mechanisms provided by the Commission's data centre. Beyond access provided in the scope of its intended features, access to personal data in the European e-Justice Portal is only allowed to a restricted group of users as described above under point 2.5 "Who has access to the data?"

Personal data included in the communication between the user and the court is stored in encrypted form in a separate Commission database.

2.8. Access to your personal data

In case you want to verify which personal data is stored on your behalf by the responsible controller, have it modified, corrected or deleted, please write an e-mail message to the functional mailbox address mentioned hereafter under "Contact Information", explicitly specifying your request. Such requests will be addressed within 10 working days from the date of receipt by the data controller.

2.9. Contact information

The European e-Justice Portal is managed by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers, Unit B.4. The responsible person (controller) is Cristian NICOLAU, Head of Unit.

The contact address for the European e-Justice Portal is:

European Commission
Directorate General Justice and Consumers
Unit B4 E-Justice, IT and document management
B-1049 Brussels
Belgium

JUST-E-JUSTICE@ec.europa.eu

If you want to file a complaint against any data processing act executed under the Commission's responsibility you may contact the European Data Protection Supervisor:

European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS)
60 Rue Wiertz (MO 63)
B-1047 Brussels
Belgium

phone: +32 2 283 19 00
fax: +32 2 283 19 50

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3. Personal data protection rules

The European Union is committed to user privacy. The policy on "protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions" is based on Regulation (EC) N° 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018.

This general policy covers the European Union's family of institutional Web Sites, within the eu domain.

Although you can browse through most of these Web Sites without giving any information about yourself, in some cases, personal information is required in order to provide the e-services you request.

Web Sites that require such information treat it according to the policy described in the Regulation mentioned above and provide information about the use of your data in their specific privacy policy statements.

In this respect:

For each specific e-service, a controller determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data and ensures conformity of the specific e-service with the privacy policy;
Within each Institution, a Data Protection Officer ensures that the provisions of the Regulation are applied and advises controllers on fulfilling their obligations (see art. 43-45 of the Regulation);
For all the Institutions, the European Data Protection Supervisor will act as an independent supervisory authority (see art. 52 to 60 of the Regulation).
The European Union's family of institutional Web Sites, within the eu domain, provides links to third party sites. Since we do not control them, we encourage you to review their privacy policies.

What is an e-service?

An e-service on EUROPA is a service or resource made available on the Internet in order to improve the communication between citizens and businesses on the one hand and the European Institutions on the other hand.

Three types of e-services are or will be offered by EUROPA:

Information services that provide citizens, media, business, administrations and other decision makers with easy and effective access to information, thus increasing transparency and understanding of the policies and activities of the EU;
Interactive communication services that allow better contacts with citizens, business, civil society and public actors thus facilitating policy consultations, and feedback mechanisms, in order to contribute to the shaping of policies, the activities and the services of the EU;
Transaction services that allow access to all basic forms of transactions with the EU, e.g. procurement, financial operations, recruitment, event enrolment, acquisition or purchase of documents etc.

Information contained in a specific privacy statement.

A specific privacy policy statement will contain the following information about the use of your data:

What information is collected, for what purpose and through which technical means the EU collects personal information exclusively to the extent necessary to fulfil a specific purpose. The information will not be re-used for an incompatible purpose;
To whom your information is disclosed. The EU will only disclose information to third parties if that is necessary for the fulfilment of the purpose(s) identified above and to the mentioned (categories of) recipients. The EU will not divulge your personal data for direct marketing purposes;
How you can access your information, verify its accuracy and, if necessary, correct it. As a data subject you also have the right to object to the processing of your personal data on legitimate compelling grounds except when it is collected in order to comply with a legal obligation, or is necessary for the performance of a contract to which you are a party, or is to be used for a purpose for which you have given your unambiguous consent;
How long your data is kept. The EU only keeps the data for the time necessary to fulfil the purpose of collection or further processing;
What are the security measures taken to safeguard your information against possible misuse or unauthorised access;
Whom to contact if you have queries or complaints.

Europa Analytics

Europa Analytics is the corporate service which measures the effectiveness and efficiency of the European Commission's websites on EUROPA.

By default, website visitors are tracked using the first-party persistent cookies from Europa. You may choose not to be tracked by Piwik (opt-out). If you change your mind, you can choose to be tracked again by Piwik (opt-in).

To check your current status and make your choice, tick the corresponding box in the text appearing below.

Choosing not to be tracked by Piwik does not affect your navigation experience on Europa sites.

More about Europa Analytics

How do we treat e-mails you send us?

All webpages have a "Your feedback" link, which allows you to send your comments to a specific functional mailbox. When you send such a message, the personal data provided is collected by the addressee only to the extent necessary to reply. If the management team of the mailbox is unable to answer your question, it will forward your e-mail to another service. You will be informed, via e-mail, about which service your question has been forwarded to. The website will not maintain records of any e-mail exchanges carried out using this functionality.

If you have any questions about the processing of your e-mail and related personal data, do not hesitate to include them in your message.

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4. Copyright notice

© European Union (2018)

The re-use of documents held by the Commission or on its behalf by the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities (Publications office) is subject to the conditions determined by Commission Decision of 7 April 2006 (2006/291/EC, Euratom) on the re-use of Commission information. The re-use of documents is free of charge.

Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated. Where prior permission must be obtained for the reproduction or use of textual and multimedia information (sound, images, software, etc.), such permission shall cancel the above-mentioned general permission and shall clearly indicate any restrictions on use.

© Kingdom of Belgium (2018)

The re-use of the information contained in the Belgian national pages of this website is subject to the Belgian legislation in force, in particular the Act of 30 June 1994 on copyright and related rights. This means that unless otherwise specified the re-use of such information requires the prior authorisation of the copyright holders. In accordance with Article 8(2) of this same law, official acts of a public authority do not give rise to copyright. Official acts of a public authority are those that have legal effect (laws, parliamentary proceedings, decisions of courts and tribunals, etc.). Article 21(1) states that ‘quotations taken from a lawfully published work for the purposes of criticism, controversy, review or teaching or for inclusion in a scholarly work, in accordance with the fair practice of the profession and to the extent justified by the purpose intended, do not infringe copyright. Quotations such as those referred to in the previous paragraph must be accompanied by references to the source and to the name of the author, unless this proves impossible’.

The Internet pages to which the Belgian national pages of the e-Justice portal refer are subject to their own copyright clauses. The Belgian courts have jurisdiction to hear any application concerning copyright in relation to the data referred to in the Belgian national pages.

© Republic of Bulgaria (2018)

Information provided by the government of the Republic of Bulgaria is public. The information that is published on the Bulgarian pages of the European e-Justice Portal is freely available and may be downloaded/reproduced/translated/adapted in all editions, forms and media for non-commercial purposes with the exception of materials in which explicit copyright protection clause is envisaged or for which prior consent of the copyright holder is needed.

© Czech Republic (2018)

The re-use of documents held by the Czech Government or on its behalf by third entities featured on this website is subject to national copyright rules unless otherwise indicated. Reproduction of content on the Czech pages is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated and may only be reproduced for non-commercial purposes.

Where prior permission must be obtained for the reproduction or use of textual and multimedia information (sound, images, software, etc.), such permission shall cancel the above-mentioned general permission and shall clearly indicate any restrictions on use.

© Kingdom of Denmark (2018)

Information on the European e-Justice Portal provided by the Danish Government is not subject to copyright conditions.

© The Federal Republic of Germany (2018)

The re-use, by third parties, of documents featured on this website and held by The Federal Republic of Germany, is protected by copyright rules as set forth under German law, European Union and international conventions. We assume no liability for completeness, editorial and technical errors, omissions or the accuracy of information on this website.

In particular, we make no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the completeness or accuracy of information obtained through links to external websites.

Operators of websites are responsible for the content they make available for use on their own websites, subject to the provisions of general law. This “own content” is to be distinguished from links to content provided by operators of external websites.

Hyperlinks to the contents of external websites are provided for informational purposes only.

Responsibility for the content of external websites lies solely with the provider of such content. External websites are carefully scrutinised and checked to the best of our knowledge and belief before any corresponding link is created. However, we make no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the completeness or accuracy of information obtained through external hyperlinks. The content of external websites can be changed at any time without the knowledge of the German government.

With respect to all links provided on this website, we explicitly declare that we have no control over the design and content of external websites that can be accessed through links on this website; in addition, such links do not imply endorsement of the linked websites or their content. This declaration applies to all pages on this website and all links contained therein.

Please inform the German contact point at redaktion@justiz.de if any links to websites are provided whose content may be deemed objectionable.

The online editorial staff of the German national pages reserves the right, without prior notice, to change, supplement or remove the information provided on this website.

For more information please visit the following link.

© Republic of Estonia (2018)

Information provided by the government of the Republic of Estonia is subject to copyright conditions. Information that is published on the Republic of Estonia pages of the European e-Justice Portal, however, is freely available and may be downloaded/reproduced/translated/adapted in all editions, forms and media for commercial or non-commercial purposes providing that the source of the material is identified and its copyright status is acknowledged. Content used from the Republic of Estonia pages of the European e-Justice Portal must be reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context.

© Ireland (2018)

The material featured on this site produced by Ireland is subject to Government of Ireland copyright, according to the Copyright and Related Rights Acts 2000. The material may be downloaded to file or printer for personal use only. Where this is being issued to others the source and copyright status must be acknowledged.

The permission to reproduce Government of Ireland copyright material does not extend to any material on this site which may be the property of a third party. Authorisation to reproduce such material must be obtained from the copyright holders concerned.

© Hellenic Republic (2018)

Information on the European e-Justice Portal provided by the Government of Greece is not subject to copyright conditions. Certain external links, however, may be subject to copyright law. Where prior permission must be obtained for the reproduction or use of textual and multimedia information (sound, images, software etc.), such permission shall cancel the above-mentioned general permission and shall clearly indicate any restrictions on use.

© Spanish Ministry of Justice (2018)

Access to and use of content supplied by Spain on the e-justice portal, the information contained and the attached links and services are the prerogative of the Ministry of Justice or the bodies collaborating with it and are protected by the appropriate intellectual and industrial property rights. The use, reproduction, distribution, communication to the public or transformation of this content or any other similar activity is totally prohibited without express authorisation by the Ministry of Justice. The user's licence to use any content from this portal is limited to the downloading and private use of that content, provided it remains intact.

© French Republic (2018)

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

The content of this website is the exclusive property of the Ministry of Justice and Freedoms and/or of the authors or copyright holders, and is protected by the French and international legislation applicable to international property rights and, in particular, by the provisions of the French Intellectual Property Code.

This applies among other things to the editorial features of the website, the presentation of the screens and the software needed for using the site, and to logos, images, photographs and graphics of whatever kind.

The Ministry of Justice and Freedoms authorises users only to view the content; this excludes, in particular, the re-use of all or part of the content of the site for any purpose whatsoever.

Reproduction is authorised only in digital form, on the computer used for accessing the site, for the purpose of viewing the pages consulted by the user’s navigation software.

Any total or partial representation of the website by any company whatsoever without the express authorisation of the Ministry of Justice and Freedoms is prohibited, and would constitute counterfeiting within the meaning of Articles L.335-2 et seq. of the French Intellectual Property Code.

The link to French Intellectual Property Code.

The chapter of the Code relating to criminal penalties can be accessed here.

The re-use of documents held by the Italian Ministry of Justice and other public Institutions or on their behalf by third entities featured on this website is subject to national copyright rules unless otherwise indicated.

Reproduction of content on Italian Ministry of Justice and other public Institutions' pages is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated.

The re-use of documents held by Cyprus or on their behalf by third entities featured on this website is subject to national copyright rules unless otherwise indicated. Reproduction of content on Cypriot pages is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated. Where prior permission must be obtained for the reproduction or use of textual and multimedia information (sound, images, software etc.), such permission supersedes the above-mentioned general permission and shall clearly indicate any restrictions on use.

Information provided by the government of Latvia is public and is not subject to copyright conditions. In that respect, information that is published on the Latvian pages of the European e-Justice Portal is freely available and may be downloaded/reproduced/translated/adapted in all editions, forms and media for commercial or non-commercial purposes.

Information provided by the Republic of Lithuania is protected by the Lithuanian Law on copyright and related rights and may be freely used provided the source is acknowledged.

Reproduction of the content and information presented in the Luxembourg pages and maintained by the Luxembourg State or other parties is, unless otherwise indicated, subject to Luxembourg law.

Unless specified otherwise, reproduction of the information contained in the Luxembourg pages is authorised for non-commercial purposes provided the source is expressly cited.

Where prior authorisation is required for reproducing or using text-based or multimedia information (sounds, images, software, etc.), that stipulation cancels the general authorisation, and will, if need be, indicate any restriction on use.

The Luxembourg State declines to accept any liability regarding the use of the information contained in the Luxembourg pages. It should be noted that the information published in these pages is not necessarily complete, exhaustive, exact or up to date. Should there be discrepancies between the texts published in these pages and the original documents, the original documents, as published in the Mémorial, are applicable.

The Luxembourg State’s pages refer sometimes to pages maintained by other parties over which the Luxembourg State has no control and in respect of which it declines to accept any liability.

The Luxembourg State accepts no liability for any prejudice caused to the user's computer facility by the use of pages maintained by the Luxembourg State or others.

The Luxembourg State declines to accept any liability in the event of the service provided by these pages being suspended, even temporarily.

It is not the purpose of these disclaimers of liability to circumvent the requirements of the applicable legislation, or to exclude liability in cases in which it cannot be excluded under the aforesaid legislation.

The re-use of documents held by Hungary or on its behalf by third entities featured on this website is subject to Hungarian copyright law unless otherwise indicated. Private and official reproduction of content on Hungary 's pages is authorised, provided the source is indicated, save where otherwise stated. Any other use requires prior authorisation of the right-holder.

The Government of Malta, jointly with its Ministries and Departments, as well as the Authorities and website authors, are making an effort to maintain the reliability of the information contained in this website but cannot ensure that the information which is published on some of their websites or of external links is complete, actual and correct and therefore they insist that the information found therein should not be considered as correct and complete information about any subject. Neither the quality and continuous accessibility nor that there will not be interruptions caused by technical issues can be ensured. Therefore, they cannot accept responsibility for any prejudice, loss or damage that could be caused through the use of the information, since the information shown is intended solely as a general guide. The Government of Malta reserves the right to change, add or delete parts or whole pages, without specifically notifying about this, for an interim period.

The Government of Malta, jointly with its Ministries and Departments, as well as the Authorities and the authors of websites, do not provide quality control for external links. The inclusion of the name of any company or trader in the pages should not be understood as a recommendation of products and/or services provided by that company or trader.

These pages are not intended to offer legal advice. This remains the prerogative of the legal profession.

If you spot any information on this site which you think is incorrect or misleading, please e-mail the webmaster about it, or use the feedback form.

The material on this website is covered by the provisions of the Copyright Act, of the Laws of Malta, the policies and the regulations and every international agreement which mentions the Government of Malta. The information on this website is available for personal use and for public use which is not commercial. Keeping these two purposes in mind, it may be reproduced for no charge or other need for authorisation from the Government of Malta, provided that the material which is reproduced is a true copy of the original and the Government of Malta is identified as its source. The material reproduced shall in no way be represented as the official version, not even as produced jointly with or with the consent of the Government of Malta.

Information made available to the public that is provided by the government of the Netherlands is not subject to copyright conditions unless this is stated. In that respect, the information that is published on the Dutch pages of the European e-Justice Portal is freely available and may be downloaded/reproduced/translated/adapted in all editions, forms and media for commercial and not commercial purposes unless in (certain parts of) the information provided a copyright clause is included.

Information presented on the Austrian pages of the European e-Justice Portal is considered public information and may be distributed or copied, provided that it is not used for commercial purposes and the source is indicated.

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Last update: 08/07/2021

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